Memorial Day weekend is the beginning of summer cook outs, beach parties, lake visits, backyard slip and slides, and fireworks. For some, it’s a mini vacation, while for others, it’s a time of solemn remembrance. For the vaccinated in this COVID pandemic era, it will be the first major holiday in which we’ll be able to gather unmasked. It’s a celebration of life, even as much as it’s a memorial to those who gave their lives defending our nation. For my daddy, a veteran of World War II, it was an opportunity to binge watch old war movies on tv, and cook steaks for the family on the barbecue on the patio. I remember he called me on my birthday when I first went away to college.
“Guess what we got for your birthday?”
I was hoping for a stereo set, but I just said, “I have no idea. What?”
“We bought a gas barbecue pit! Now I can grill you a steak just the way you like it!”
He was so excited and pleased, I couldn’t let him know how much I really wanted that stereo, so I said, “Wow, that’s great. Spring break is going to be wonderful!”
History often isn’t the actual facts, but the story we tell ourselves, often to show ourselves in the best light. We want to put our best foot forward, for we don’t want to acknowledge the shadow sides of our personalities. While today we celebrate all who died in the service to our country, the first Memorial Day had its roots in a ceremony in which formerly enslaved people buried Union soldiers to give them an honored burial. Later, both former Union and Confederate veterans would meet together to honor their sacred dead, as a means to heal the wounds of the great Civil War.
In the Jim Crow era, the Lost Cause myth took hold among southerners. Memorial Day became for them a time to claim a new “history” of the causes of the war: states rights, rather than slavery, because the proximate cause for the so called War of Northern Aggression (although the south fired on Fort Sumpter first). We can rewrite our memories if we want to, as recent news events have proved.
While several sites claim the honor of “first to celebrate decoration day,” as it was once called, the old country club at Charleston, South Carolina may have a new claim. In the late stages of the Civil War, the Confederate army transformed the formerly posh Washington Race Course and Jockey Club into a makeshift prison for Union captives. More than 260 Union soldiers died from disease and exposure while being held in the race track’s open-air infield. Their bodies were hastily buried in a mass grave behind the grandstands.
When Charleston fell and Confederate troops evacuated the badly damaged city, those freed from enslavement remained. One of the first things those emancipated men and women did was to give the fallen Union prisoners a proper burial. They exhumed the mass grave and reinterred the bodies in a new cemetery with a tall whitewashed fence inscribed with the words: “Martyrs of the Race Course.”
And then on May 1, 1865, something even more extraordinary happened. Pulitzer Prize winning historian David W. Blight found two reports in The New York Tribune and The Charleston Courier: a crowd of 10,000 people, mostly freed slaves with some white missionaries, staged a parade around the race track. Three thousand Black schoolchildren carried bouquets of flowers and sang “John Brown’s Body.” Members of the famed 54th Massachusetts and other Black Union regiments were in attendance and performed double-time marches. Black ministers recited verses from the Bible.
If the news reports are accurate, the 1865 gathering at the Charleston race track would be the earliest Memorial Day commemoration on record. However, in 1996, the federal government recognized Waterloo, New York, which first celebrated the day on May 5, 1866, because it hosted an annual, community-wide event, during which businesses closed and residents decorated the graves of soldiers with flowers and flags.
For over half a century, or almost three generations, Memorial Day was a time to honor the dead who spilled their blood in the great internecine conflict which split our one nation into two: one free and one enslaved. That my ancestors fought to deny persons made in the image of God the same freedom which they themselves possessed is unthinkable to me today. While I can’t undo their past, I don’t have to perpetuate it.
So, I have to ask, “Why Does the Myth of the Confederate Lost Cause Persist?” The Atlantic has a fascinating article written by Clint Smith, which has been adapted from his new book, How the Word Is Passed: A Reckoning With the History of Slavery Across America. It appears in the June 2021 print edition with the headline “The War on Nostalgia.”
Included is a description of Louisiana’s Whitney Plantation, the only antebellum site dedicated to the life of enslaved persons. Most plantations give short shrift to the enslaved persons and focus on the owners’ lives. Today we have remnants of the old bifurcated plantation system still in existence. In rural areas, sharecropping persists. In cities , persons of color and immigrants often live “on the wrong side of the tracks” in substandard housing and attend low achieving schools, not because they are inherently less smart or talented, but because fewer resources and experienced staff are sent to their schools.
One would almost think there was a systematic program of oppression to continue to deny the descendants of formerly enslaved persons the opportunity to have a full participation in American society, even as blacks take a greater role in our nation’s defense.
Today there are about 1.3 million active-duty personnel, or less than one-half of 1 percent of the U.S. population, due to the all volunteer military. The US ended the military draft back in 1973. During the Civil War, the North enlisted about 14% of its population, and the South at its peak had a little over 22% of its white population in the military. While black soldiers fought for the Union, none fought for the confederacy, no matter how much their names are praised. They were body servants attached to their masters or camp cooks. They may have given loyal service, but not as soldiers. After all, if slaves could fight as equals alongside their white masters, this act alone would destroy the very reason the south seceded from the Union: slavery was their “righteous cause.”
This entitlement, attested in scripture, allowed them to break away from the anti slavery church in these years, leading many Southern white Protestant churches to form their own organizations, some of which still exist today. The Methodist Episcopal Church in 1844 split into a slave and a free branch, not reuniting until 1968. The Baptists split in 1845 and the Presbyterians split in 1861 to form southern slave holding denominations. The Presbyterians reunited in 1983, but the Southern Baptist Convention and the northern American Baptists have remained separated.
This Lost Cause myth persists today in those who insist on rewriting history and revisioning our common heritage, such as Florida Congressman Matt Gaetz, who told an Orlando rally on this Memorial Day weekend: “The Second Amendment is about maintaining, within the citizenry, the ability to maintain an armed rebellion against the government, if that becomes necessary. I hope it never does, but it sure is important to recognize the founding principles of this nation, and to make sure that they are fully understood.”
Of course, this is a perversion of the meaning of this constitutional amendment, but it gets applause from fellow travelers of the insurrection, but not from patriots and defenders of the nation. The way we honor those who died for country and freedom, for one and for all, is to recognize We are One Nation, under God, with Liberty and Justice for all.
May your fireworks be bright and your barbecue be spicy,
Joy and peace,
Cornie
https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2021/06/confederate-lost-cause-myth/618711/
One of the Earliest Memorial Day Ceremonies Was Held by Freed African Americans – HISTORY
https://www.history.com/news/memorial-day-civil-war-slavery-charleston
Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, by David W. Blight, Winner of the Bancroft Prize, the Gilder Lehrman Lincoln Prize, the Merle Curti award, and the Frederick Douglass Prize. 9780674008199: Amazon.com: Books.
https://www.amazon.com/Race-Reunion-Civil-American-Memory/dp/0674008197
Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom, by David W. Blight (Simon & Schuster) – The Pulitzer Prizes
https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/david-w-blight
Demographics of the U.S. Military | Council on Foreign Relations
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/demographics-us-military
Facts – The Civil War (U.S. National Park Service)
https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/facts.htm
The Whitney Plantation self guided tours
https://www.whitneyplantation.org/
Florida Rep. Gaetz says Americans have obligation to use 2nd Amendment